Comparison of Plastic Ceilings and Gypsum Ceilings: Which is Better?

In the field of interior finishing, the ceiling is an important item, contributing to the aesthetics, comfort and protection of the building. False ceilings (secondary ceilings), installed under concrete ceilings from lightweight materials such as plastic, plaster, wood, metal, are gradually becoming popular.

According to the Vietnam Association of Building Materials (2023), plastic ceilings and plasterboard ceilings account for 90% of the market share of false ceilings in Vietnam.

Plastic ceilings are made from PVC or PP plastic panels, consisting of plastic panels, additives and metal frames, going through 5 production stages. This type of ceiling stands out for its waterproofing ability, light weight, diverse designs, low cost and quick construction, but is limited in soundproofing, fireproofing and shaping capabilities.

Gypsum ceilings are made of gypsum board panels mounted on a metal frame. The advantages are good sound insulation, heat insulation, fire resistance, high aesthetics and a lifespan of 20-30 years. However, it also has disadvantages such as high cost, heavy weight, complicated construction and poor waterproofing.

This difference makes plastic ceilings often suitable for renovation projects, old houses, and wet areas. Gypsum ceilings are ideal for new projects, high-class living spaces such as living rooms, bedrooms, villas, and luxury apartments.

In this article, SmartDecor will analyze the advantages and disadvantages of each type of ceiling, along with notes on construction and maintenance, to help readers make the most suitable choice.

What is Plastic Ceiling? Structure and Characteristics

Plastic ceiling is a type of ceiling finishing material made from PVC (Polyvinyl chloride) or PP (Polypropylene) plastic sheets. The structure includes plastic sheets, additives and metal frames, produced through 5 stages.
Plastic ceilings stand out with their waterproofing, light weight, diverse, cheap price, quick construction but poor sound insulation, flammable and difficult to shape.

According to data from the Vietnam Association of Building Materials 2022, plastic ceilings currently account for about 40% of the market share of ceiling materials, especially popular in the Central and Southern regions due to the hot and humid climate.

1. Structure and main components of plastic ceiling

Plastic ceilings are mainly made of virgin PVC or PP plastic sheets and fireproof and UV-resistant additives, combined with an aluminum or galvanized steel frame system, produced through 5 stages with a capacity of 100-150m²/hour.

PVC or PP plastic sheet: Accounting for 85-90% of mass, 7-12mm thick, produced from high purity virgin plastic particles.

Additives: Accounts for 10-15%, including:

• Heat stabilizers (calcium-zinc, barium-zinc): help the ceiling withstand high temperatures.
• Flame retardants (antimony trioxide, aluminum hydroxide): reduce flammability.
• Colorant, UV inhibitor.

Skeletal system: Usually made of aluminum or galvanized steel, including:

• Hanging bar: 4mm in diameter, 60-120cm long.
• Main bar: Size 22x19mm, length 3,6-4m.
• Auxiliary bar: Size 22x19mm, length 0,6-1,2m.

The plastic ceiling production process goes through 5 main stages: Mixing raw materials → extrusion → laminating → stamping patterns → cutting to shape, with an average production capacity of 100-150m²/hour.

2. Outstanding features of plastic ceilings

Plastic ceilings stand out with their 99,8% waterproof ability, light weight, diverse designs, reasonable price and quick construction, but are limited in soundproofing ability, flammable, average lifespan and low ability to create complex shapes.

Advantages

• Outstanding waterproofing ability: With a solid molecular structure, plastic ceilings are up to 99,8% waterproof according to testing by the Institute of Construction Materials.
• Light-weight: Only 1,5-2kg/m², helps reduce the load on the construction.
• Various models: There are over 200 designs with many different colors and patterns such as wood grain, stone grain, classic and modern patterns...
• Easy to clean and maintain: Smooth surface, low dust adhesion.
• Reasonable price: Fluctuates from 90.000-180.000 VND/m², suitable for many customers.
• Quick construction: Average installation speed is 40-50m²/day, 30% faster than plaster ceiling.

Disadvantages

• Poor sound insulation: Only reduces sound by 15-20% due to solid, non-porous structure.
• Flammable: Flash point is about 300-400°C, not suitable for areas with high risk of explosion.
• Average life expectancy: About 8-15 years depending on quality and usage conditions.
• Limited formability: Mainly used for flat ceilings, difficult to bend or create complex shapes.
• May release toxic chemicals: If not manufactured properly, it may contain phthalates and other toxic substances.

What is Gypsum Ceiling? Structure and Characteristics

Gypsum ceiling is a type of false ceiling made from gypsum boards mounted on a metal frame. It is outstanding for its soundproofing, heat insulation, fire resistance, high aesthetics and a lifespan of 20-30 years, but its disadvantages are high cost, heavy weight, complicated construction and not waterproof.

According to a survey by SmartDecor (2023), gypsum ceilings currently account for about 50% of the market share of ceiling materials in major cities such as Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Da Nang and are the number 1 choice for high-end projects, villas, and luxury apartments.

1. Structure and main components of plaster ceiling

Gypsum ceiling consists of gypsum board, galvanized steel or aluminum frame and auxiliary materials, constructed through 6 steps from frame installation to finishing paint.

• Plasterboard: Made from gypsum powder CaSO₄·2H₂O (90%), double-sided coated paper, and additives. There are many types:
  • Regular gypsum board: 9-12mm thick, white.
  • Moisture-proof plasterboard: 9-12mm thick, blue, contains silicone and wax.
  • Fireproof plasterboard: 12-15mm thick, pink, filled with fiberglass.
• Skeleton: Made from galvanized steel or aluminum alloy, including:
  • Suspension rod: Diameter 4-6mm, length 60-120cm.
  • Main bar (CD60/27): Size 60x27mm, thickness 0,4-0,6mm.
  • Side bar (CD60/27): Same size as main bar.
  • Hanger bracket, threaded rod, connector...
• Auxiliary materials: Masking tape, putty, screws, caulk, finishing paint…

The plaster ceiling construction process includes 6 main steps: Installing the frame → Installing the electrical system → Installing panels → Processing joints → Putty → Finishing paint.

2. Outstanding features of plaster ceiling

Gypsum ceilings stand out with their good soundproofing, heat insulation, fire resistance, high aesthetics and a lifespan of 20-30 years. However, the disadvantages of this type of ceiling are high cost, complicated construction, heavy and poor waterproofing.

Advantages

• Good sound and heat insulation: Can reduce sound by 40-60%, effective insulation thanks to multi-layer hollow structure.
• High fire resistance: Withstand temperatures up to 600-900°C for 60-120 minutes.
• Outstanding aesthetics: Easily create many complex shapes such as curved ceilings, vaulted ceilings, multi-level ceilings.
• Health safety: Made from natural materials, non-toxic, environmentally friendly.
• Long life: Up to 20-30 years if properly constructed and maintained.
• Humidity regulation ability: Can absorb and release moisture, creating a comfortable living space.

Disadvantages

• Not waterproof: Easily damaged and rotted when exposed to water (except moisture-resistant plaster).
• High price: Fluctuates from 220.000-350.000 VND/m², 50-100% higher than plastic ceiling.
• Complex construction: Requires highly skilled workers, long construction time (15-25m²/day).
• Heavy weight: About 8-12kg/m², 4-6 times more than plastic ceiling.
• High maintenance costs: Needs to be repainted every 3-5 years, costly repairs if damaged.

Detailed Comparison of Advantages and Disadvantages of Plastic Ceilings and Gypsum Ceilings

Plastic ceilings are waterproof, light, cheap, suitable for old houses and humid areas. Meanwhile, plaster ceilings are soundproof, heat-insulated, highly aesthetic, durable, fire-safe, suitable for new houses and high-end projects.

1. Detailed comparison table of plastic ceilings and plaster ceilings

For a more visual and detailed look at the differences between these two types of ceilings, the comparison table below will provide specific information on important criteria.

Criteria	Plastic Ceiling	Plaster ceiling
Waterproof, moisture-proof
Moisture absorption	<0,2%	5−8% (normal), 2−3% (moisture resistant)
Waterproof ability	99,8% (very good)	Poor (normal), Average (moisture resistant)
Water resistant when soaked	No deformation after 24 hours	Deformation after 2-4 hours
Durability in humid environments	10−15 years	3−5 years (normal), 7−10 years (humidity resistant)
Sound insulation, heat insulation
Soundproofing ability	15-20dB	40-60dB
Thermal conductivity	0,15-0,2 W/m·K	0,04-0,06 W/m·K
Air conditioner	Lower	Good
Humidity control	Do not have	Have
Weight and mechanical strength
Weight	1,5-2 kg/m²	8-12 kg/m²
Flexural strength	15-20MPa	5-7MPa
Compressive strength	35-45MPa	15-20MPa
Impact resistant	Good (hard to break)	Poor (easily broken)
Average life expectancy	8-15 years	20-30 years
Aesthetics, design
Number of models	>200 models available	Unlimited (depending on design)
Ability to create shapes	Limited (mostly flat)	Creative freedom (curved, multi-layered)
Decorative lighting combination	Difficult	Easy, diverse
Surface finishing	Ready made, no painting required	Need putty, finishing paint
Trend Update	Must be replaced	Can be painted to change color
Cost, construction
Material price	90.000−180.000 VND/m²	220.000−350.000 VND/m²
Labor costs	30.000−50.000 VND/m²	60.000−100.000 VND/m²
Construction time	40−50m²/day	15−25m²/day
Maintenance cost (5 years)	20.000−30.000 VND/m²	50.000−80.000 VND/m²
Total cost (10 years)	140.000−260.000 VND/m²	330.000−530.000 VND/m²
Safety, environment
Fire resistance	Poor, flammable at 300-400°C	Good, withstands 600-900°C for 60-120 minutes
Toxic gas when burning	Yes (toxic gas)	No toxic gas
Health safety	May contain VOCs, phthalates	Friendly (natural mineral)
Environmentally friendly	Hard to decompose	Easy to recycle
Load capacity	5−10 kg/m²	20−30 kg/m²

2. Detailed analysis and application

Detailed analysis shows that plastic ceilings are waterproof, light, cheap, suitable for old houses and tight budgets. Meanwhile, plaster ceilings are better at soundproofing, heat insulation, highly aesthetic, durable, fire-safe and suitable for new houses and high-end projects.

• Waterproof, moisture-proof: Superior plastic ceiling with absolute water resistance, no deformation after 48 hours of soaking; plaster ceiling is easy to blister. Suitable for bathroom, kitchen, toilet.
• Soundproofing and heat insulation: Gypsum ceilings are 2-3 times better at soundproofing and heat insulation thanks to their hollow structure. Suitable for bedrooms, living rooms, offices, and studios.
• Weight and durability: Plastic ceilings are 4-6 times lighter and easy to install on weak structures; gypsum ceilings are durable and have a lifespan of 30 years. Old houses should choose plastic ceilings and new houses should choose gypsum ceilings.
• Aesthetics and design: Plastic ceilings come in a variety of designs but are difficult to shape; flexible plaster ceilings can be bent and layered. If the project is high-end, plaster ceilings should be chosen.
• Price: Plastic ceilings are 50-60% cheaper and quick to install; gypsum ceilings are expensive but durable. If your budget is limited, choose plastic; if you need a long-term investment, choose gypsum.
• Safety: Gypsum ceilings can withstand heat up to 900°C and do not produce toxic gases; plastic ceilings are flammable and emit toxic gases. Therefore, public works should prioritize gypsum.

Should You Choose Plastic Ceiling Or Gypsum Ceiling?

Plastic ceilings are suitable for wet areas and low budgets thanks to their waterproofing ability, while plaster ceilings are ideal for living spaces and offices thanks to their aesthetics, soundproofing and fire safety. The choice should be based on the characteristics of the space, design style and investment ability.

1. Analyze according to the characteristics and functions of each space

PVC plastic ceilings are waterproof, suitable for wet areas, while plaster ceilings are beautiful and soundproof, ideal for living spaces. Plaster ceilings can be combined in living areas, bedrooms and plastic ceilings in bathrooms, kitchens, and production areas to save costs.

Bathroom, kitchen, toilet area

• Characteristics: High humidity (60-90%), frequent contact with water and steam, constantly changing temperature.
• Optimal choice: PVC ceiling.
  • Absolutely waterproof (99,8%), does not rot or mold when exposed to water.
  • Easy to clean, hygienic, low replacement cost.
• Notes when choosing plastic ceiling: Minimum thickness 8mm, antibacterial, anti-mold, bright color, good ventilation system installed.

Living room, bedroom, office

• Characteristics: High aesthetic requirements, need quiet, comfortable space, average humidity (40-60%).
• Optimal choice: Plasterboard ceiling.
  • Superior sound insulation (40-60dB reduction).
  • Diverse designs, easy to combine LED lights.
  • Air conditioning, creating a comfortable feeling.
• Notes when choosing plaster ceiling: Use standard or light moisture-proof type, design reasonable lighting, leave 10-15cm ceiling gap, consider additional soundproofing.

Commercial space, office, factory

• Features: Large area, durable, safe, meets fire prevention standards.
• Optimal choice:
  • Office, showroom: Gypsum ceiling (meets fire prevention and fighting, impressive shape).
  • Factory, warehouse: Plastic ceiling (cost saving, easy to replace and repair).

According to QCVN 06:2022/BXD, commercial spaces over 500m² must use fire-resistant materials for at least 60 minutes. Fire-resistant plasterboard ceilings meet this requirement, but plastic ceilings do not.

2. Analysis according to homeowner's preferences and style

Below are suggestions for ceiling materials suitable for each design style, helping homeowners easily choose according to their own preferences and aesthetic tastes:

Style	Recommended Materials	Reason	Popular Models
Classical/Neoclassical	plaster ceiling	Create complex, luxurious patterns	Patterned plaster ceiling, moldings
Modern/Minimalist	Both plasterboard and plastic ceilings	Need flat surface, simple lines	Simple stepped ceiling, bright white plastic ceiling
Industrial/Industrial	Cement-patterned plastic ceiling, imitation concrete	Create a rustic, dusty look	Gray plastic ceiling, concrete pattern
Scandinavian/Nordic	White plaster ceiling or light wood grain plastic ceiling	Create a bright, cozy, gentle feeling	White flat plaster ceiling, light wood grain plastic ceiling

3. Consider your budget and investment capabilities

In addition to functional and aesthetic factors, choosing a ceiling also requires considering the investment budget to come up with the most suitable solution.

• Limited budget (<15 million): Choose a full plastic ceiling, prioritize good quality for wet areas.
• Average budget (15-25 million): Combine plaster ceiling for living room, bedroom; plastic ceiling for kitchen, toilet.
• High budget (>25 million): Use high-quality plaster ceiling throughout, including wet areas.

To visualize better, please refer to the cost table for a 70m² apartment:

Area	Acreage	Recommended Materials	Estimated cost
Living room	25m²	Single level plasterboard ceiling	8.750.000 VNĐ
Master bedroom	15m²	Flat plaster ceiling	3.750.000 VNĐ
Secondary bedroom	12m²	Flat plaster ceiling	3.000.000 VNĐ
Kitchen	8m²	Wood grain plastic ceiling	1.200.000 VNĐ
Bathroom, WC	5m²	White plastic ceiling	750.000 VNĐ
Corridor, walkway	5m²	Flat plaster ceiling	1.250.000 VNĐ
Total	70m²	Combine both	18.700.000 VNĐ

Frequently Asked Questions

1. Are plastic ceilings and plaster ceilings toxic?

Plastic ceilings and plaster ceilings are both safe for health if they are made from quality materials, do not contain toxic chemicals such as formaldehyde, styrene, VOC. However, you should choose products from reputable brands and have safety certifications such as ISO 9001, ISO 14001, OHSAS 18001.

Learn information from A to Z about plastic furniture through the article Plastic Furniture: Features, Classification, Applications & Selection Notes.

2. Are plastic ceilings and plaster ceilings good insulators?

Plastic ceilings and plaster ceilings are not insulating materials. However, it is possible to combine the installation of mineral wool or foam insulation above the ceiling to increase insulation capacity, reducing heat loss to the space.

3. What should be noted when cleaning plastic ceilings and plaster ceilings?

For plastic ceilings, use a soft, damp cloth to clean. Avoid using strong detergents, acids or solvents. For plaster ceilings, use a soft bristle broom or vacuum cleaner to clean. Avoid using a wet cloth to wipe directly on the ceiling surface.

4. Can I install plastic ceilings and plaster ceilings myself?

Installing a plastic ceiling yourself is relatively easy with basic skills. However, with a plaster ceiling, the installation is more complicated and requires experience and specialized techniques. Therefore, it is best to hire a professional to ensure the quality and aesthetics of the ceiling.

5. Which address has reputable and quality plastic and plaster ceiling construction?

SmartDecor is a reputable and quality address for plastic and plaster ceiling construction. In addition, SmartDecor also provides Interior design and construction services according to customer requirements.

Below are some of the outstanding features of SmartDecor:

• A team of experienced and highly skilled staff in the field of plastic ceiling, plaster and interior construction.
• The installation process of material High quality, ensuring durability and aesthetics for the project.
• Professional construction process, ensuring progress and quality of the project.
• Diverse interior design services, from classic style come modern, meet all customer needs.
• Enthusiastic consultation, supporting customers to choose optimal solutions for living and working space.
• Competitive prices, suitable for many different budgets.
• Guarantee clear, ensuring customer rights after project completion.

For more options when decorating the ceiling, see the following article. 9+ Ways to Decorate Ceilings & Impressive Beautiful Reference Models.

With the above advantages, SmartDecor is confident to be a reliable address for plastic ceiling, plaster and interior construction projects. Customers can be completely assured of the quality of service and satisfaction when cooperating with SmartDecor.